The thyroid is also destroyed and replaced with fibrous tissue in this Hashimoto’s disease variant, but the thyroid shrinks in response to the damage. Around 10–13%² of Hashimoto's disease cases are fibrous.
People with this variant nearly always have clinical symptoms. This causes the thyroid to enlarge (goiter) and significantly reduces thyroid hormone levels. The thyroid is extensively damaged in the fibrous variant of Hashimoto’s disease, causing a buildup of tough scar tissue. There are four main types of Hashimoto’s, including: Your symptoms may depend on the type of Hashimoto’s disease you have. Seek emergency medical assistance if you are experiencing symptoms like rapid heart rate, irregular heart rate, or extremely high blood pressure. Many other diseases share these symptoms, so you should discuss any changes to how you feel with your doctor. Rapid heart rate (also called tachycardia) Irregular heartbeat (also called an arrhythmia) Lack of coordination (also called ataxia)Īn enlarged tongue (also called macroglossia)Įarly Hashimoto’s disease can cause hyperthyroidism symptoms in rare cases, including: Slow heart rate (also called bradycardia) The most common Hashimoto’s disease symptoms include: Hashimoto’s disease is a progressive disease where the immune system damages your thyroid over time, causing a variety of symptoms. In these cases, thyroid antigens are present in the blood, but they do not cause hyperthyroidism. Many Hashimoto’s disease cases are subclinical, meaning they are asymptomatic. People with Hashimoto’s disease develop thyroid antigens that cause the T-cells to attack various structures in the thyroid, eventually leading to hardening, scarring, and even destruction of the thyroid. Excess hormones are broken down in the liver, muscles, kidneys, and central nervous system. It’s normal for your body to use around 5%¹ of your total thyroid hormones each day. This hormone tells the thyroid to produce more (or less) T3 and T4 hormones depending on how much your body needs to function.Ĭells in your body use thyroid hormones to break down proteins, glucose, fat, and every other vitamin and mineral you consume. The pituitary gland communicates with the hypothalamus to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). A complex web of communication between cells helps maintain ideal levels of thyroid hormones in most people. What does Hashimoto's disease do to your body?Ī healthy thyroid is a very well-regulated organ.
In some people with Hashimoto’s disease, thickening and scarring (fibrosis) cause the thyroid to become too damaged to function. This leads to lower thyroid hormone levels in the blood. People with Hashimoto’s disease produce thyroid antigens, which may cause white blood cells to attack the thyroid. The thyroid works with the pituitary gland (a pea-sized gland in your brain) to carefully maintain the correct level of thyroid hormones in your bloodstream. These two hormones are responsible for helping cells metabolize proteins, vitamins, and nutrients. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ in your neck that produces two critical hormones called T3 and T4.
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